AMERICAN
CINEMA PAPERS
PRINT ARCHIVE
2000
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ON GOLDEN PALMS CANNES – 2000
The 53rd INTERNATIONAL
FILM FESTIVAL
by
Harlan Kennedy
Sun, cinema,
sensation. And so much for all that pre-millennial
babble about shrinking attention spans.
Listen to the doomsayers and by now we’d all be sinking giggling into
MTV culture-mulch, with film consisting of 30-second features with
intermissions for ice cream and mental revival. Instead Cannes 2000 could have been called
‘Revenge of the Directors cut Era.’ 6
out of 25 competition pix lasted over 2 ½ hours and the bad news for ‘Short
is beautiful’ folk is that the marathons were mostly the best movies.
Lars von Trier’s Dancer In The Dark and Edward Yang’s Yi Yi (A One And A Two), for me the joint
best-of-show, took a combined 5 hours 16 minutes from our lives. But what riches they put back. Narrative cinema is going through
convulsions at present, stretching sprinter’s muscles to long-distance
runner’s (think Magnolia). And in many films the in-betweening – the scenes or details that old
producer-pressured auteurs
might have left on the cutting-room floor – are becoming the essence not the
grace-notes.
Yang is reborn by
the license to stretch. This Taiwanese
helmer
who seemed condemned to live in the shadow of his
more feted compatriot Hou Hsiao-hsien
– each known for creating lyrical-austere bodies of work about alienation,
generation war and the stress of history – last hit Cannes
with the fitful philosophical comedy A
Confucian Confuson. Even there, though, a new
bleak humor suggested new gestations.
Yi Yi
challenges the viewer with a complex, ramifying, 3-hour plot about a family
in crisis – with a cast as large as an Altman or Paul Thomas Anderson film –
while never letting that viewer get lost down confused or chilly
cul-de-sacs. The protagonist NJ (Wu Nianzhen) is a fortyish
Everyman, a computer executive auto-piloting through deals, board meetings,
and relationship management both at home and in the office. Suddenly everything goes wrong at once,
perhaps with a karmic destiny to put everything right. Wife breaks down and goes off for a week to
a mountain monastery. Daughter falls in love for the first time. Little son starts babbling about alternate
realities and uses his new camera to photograph the backs of people’s
heads. (“You can’t see it yourself, so
I’m helping you”). And NJ himself
trysts with an old girlfriend on a Tokyo
business trip.
These in a way are
plot McGuffins – never mind the details, feel the
fallout – designed to get us where Yang wants us to be: at the point where life reveals its full
menopausal scariness. There are Too
Many Choices. We may already have
taken The Wrong Ones. And what can we tell the kids who may be about to do
the same Thing?
Yang’s trademark
quirks of style are consubstantial with his message. He loves scenes reflected in large windows
that fuse, in a ghostly double exposure,
two
visual realities: the outside (street,
garden, urban skyline) and the inside (character interaction in home or
workplace). He knows how to choreograph gesture and body language when words
fail. And he has a Tati-esque
delight in master longshots that compel the viewer
to find both focal details and footnote details. From a baby shower that becomes a family
brawl to the slow unfolding of a suicide attempt, as NJ’s brother pads his
lonely flat before an offscreen death bid by
kitchen gas, the movie treats a chamber drama as a kind of epic.
One scene distills the
theme of near-electrical
awakening in this family whose horizons, just the day before, seemed as
cramped as any other’s. The little boy
– played with a hilarious deadpan quizzicality by Jonathan Chang – slips into
a school lecture-room where on a giant screen a film is unspooling
about thunderstorms. A girl enters,
drifting across his sightline till she’s silhouetted against the roiling
clouds and lightning forks. A
commentary burbles of “the attraction of opposite forces” and “the origin of
life.” The boy looks on in wonder, at
both this barely understood burst of knowledge and this dumbshow
rehearsal for the meteorological passions of falling in love. In Yi
Yi awakening is something that happens every
day, or once in a lifetime, or both, whichever existential ticket you happen
to have bought. Yang’s ticket won him
this year’s Cannes
Best Director prize.
For Denmark’s
Lars Von Trier awakening happens, if at all, only
when the alarm call of absurdist apocalypse goes
off.
Dancer In The Dark, justly handed the Golden Palm, is as bleak as Breaking The Waves and as mordant as The Idiots. Like them it leaves behind the stylistic
intricacy – the kitsch baroque – of Trier’s early work (The Elements Of Crime, Zentropa). The camera jiggers home-movie-style, the
cutting is casual and in-your-face, the visuals are video. This musical about a Czech-US factory girl,
played by Icelandic popster Björk,
going to Death Row for the killing of a cop who stole her savings isn’t a
‘Dogma’ film, but it sure feels like one.
Trier,
though, is a sophisticate in the lengths to which he’ll take tonal
impudence. He’s the feral face of
postmodernism. There is nothing arch,
plenty that’s daring in the blend of emotional scenes with amateur-dramatics
song and dance. Nor is he shy of
mixing a ruthless detailing of the horrors of state hanging – like the board
o which a heroine too weak to stand is strapped, like a premature mortician’s
table – with a bells-and-whistles Hollywoodish plot
set-up. Working girl goes slowly blind
while rehearsing an off-duty Sound Of
Music production and dreaming of a vital eye operation for her only
child.(!)
We half expect the
camera to ‘iris in’ Griffith-style on the precious cake tin where the heroine
(imagine Lillian Gish for Björk)
keeps her stash. And when the evil
visiting cop, who 80 years ago would have twirled a mustache or cape, takes
advantage of her sightlessness by pretending
to have left and closed the door, only to stand just inside casing the
hiding-place, the corn is as high – bring on Rodgers and Hammerstein again –
as an elephant’s eye.
Yet this pantomime skewiness helps the film find its unique place between
realism and fairy-tale expressionism:
in that fertile Trier terrain where Doestoevskian verismo, like the eerie despair of cop David Morse’s urging Björk
to kill him in mid-murder scene, can co-exist with shafts of dippy
wish-fulfillment (the musical numbers that rep the heroine’s daydreams) or fullblown tragic melodrama. Trier
has appointed himself a one-man army against tact and ‘good taste’ in cinema,
and many festgoers responded by walking out before
the close. (Several still managed, somehow, to review the whole film). The non-walkers stayed to sniffle into
hankies and/or acclaim the director’s fidelity to his belief that there is no
such thing as discord in a film that’s serious about derailing expectation
and re-routing movie possibility.
Scandinavia
is a crazy place, of course. The
suicide rate is off the chart and nomadic filmmakers go to places in the mind
undreamed of by folk in warmer climates.
Kristian Lavrings The King Is Alive was made by a Dane
now settled in London,
and Liv Ullmann’s Trolosa (Faithless) is directed by a
Norwegian who became Swedish art film’s most famous face. Both flicks strike sparks.
Lavring
is the fourth and final Dogme 95 signatory – after Trier
(Idiots), Winterberg
(Festen)
and Kragh-Jacobsen (Mifune) – to give us his
founding feature. He strands a busful of oddballs in the Namibian desert, where
bickering marrieds Janet McTeer
and Bruce Davison, freelance floozie Jennifer Jason
Liegh, French drifter Romane
Bohringer and seedy Anglos David Calder and David
Bradley are among the blistered survivors of a
wrong-turning-and-ran-out-of-petrol premise.
(Trier
isn’t the only Dane who reaches for hokum when it suits). Once marooned they playact at rehearsing King Lear. If you can swallow that, washed down with
fabulous run-of-the-universe scenery photographed on digital video by Jens
Schlosser (next great lenser?), you can stay to savor
a philosophical black comedy in which truth, catharsis and Bard-catalyzed
revelation result from the meeting between timid mortals Lear’s
“poor, bare, forked animals” – and timor mortis.
Liv
Ullmann, saving on travel costs, sites her desert
in the human soul. The dunes have been
mapped by Ingmar Bergman, no less, who scripted this tale of an aging writer
called ‘Bergman’ (Erland Josephsson),
who summons the ghost of an ex-girlfriend.
Played by Lena Endre, who could have a
career as Lauren Hutton’s double, she is coaxed into confessing, in long
speeches and flashbacks, the details of a tragic love triangle co-involving a
conductor hubby and stage-director lover (presumably the young ‘Bergman’).
This is regulation
Ingmar, full of guilt, bleak humor and brutal insights into motivation. All
humans are weak and selfish and vain. Yet the detailing in Faithless is at once so plain and so
brilliant that the shock of recognition seems like surprise. A departing man stands by the door of his
come-and-go adulterous hotel room and says to his lover quietly, simply:
“I’ve never felt such pain.” The face of a little girl caught in a custody
tug of war trembles with horror at what her father seems to be proposing: a
parent-child suicide pact. And when
one character describes love as “that jungle of impulses growing like a
cancer”, it is quintessential, coruscating Bergman. Ullmann films
without inflection. But if you can’t
get IB, you might as well have a second best that’s simple, respectful, transparent.
This year women were
behind cameras in startling numbers. Karyn Kusama’s Girlfight and Virginie Wagon’s Le
Secret were hot tickets in the Directors Fortnight. Samira Makhmalbaf’s Blackboards
was Jury Prize’d in the competition. Soon – and
about time - we
may reach that revolutionary point when gender isn’t worth remarking on at
all.
But it is worth remarking that a country as
patriarchal as Tunisia
can enfranchise a filmaker like Moufida
Tlatli. The Season Of Men (La Saison Des Hommes) builds on the achievement of hr 1994 Cannes
hit Silences Of The Palace. In colors that seem handpicked to notate
mood, nuance and fluctuating feeling – look at the harmonisings
in individual shots of wine-red, sky blue or tawny brown-gold – this Djerba-set tale of women without men is not just a
bewitching visual tapestry: it seems
to challenge the very culture where breadwinning males can abandon their
wives and families for 11 months each year, returning from the big city for
one month of bonding and begetting.
Tlatli,
an ex-screenwriter and editor, is steeped in image as language. The film’s fluid pattern of emotion and
symbolism, contouring a plot about a wife struggling to shake the chains of
socially decreed inferiority and dynastic duty (including a mother-in-law
from Hell), almost needs no words. In
the climactic scene when ma-in-law snips the heroine’s precious carpet loom –
as with Homer’s Penelope, her only solace – it’s as if the older woman had
cut the younger one’s vocal cords.
Self-expression in silenced cultures finds strange routes. These routes are all the more precious for
the hiding places they must find in obliquity.
At Cannes
women were a force in front of camera as well as behind. Any of a half-dozen female thesps could have snatched the Best Actress award (though
Dancer In The Dark’s Björk got it on the night) while not a single male stood
out, including Tony Leung who won Best Actor for being handsomely impassive
in Wong Kar-Wai’s In The Mood For Love.
Leading the girlfights on screen were Renee Zellweger
in Nurse Betty, Uma
Thurman in Vatel
and The Golden Bowl, Lee Hyo-Jung in Korea's Chunhyang and in the noncompetitive Un Certain Regard
sideshow, Arcelia Ramirez in Arturo Ripstein’s Asi Es La Vida (Such
Is Life).
Not Just Ramirez but Patricia Reyes Spindola in that flick. For this hex-Mex
malediction on men, fierce and funny, has two plum roles for divae, just like Bellini's opera Norma, with which
it shares a plot about a woman sacrificing her tots to get back at a jilting
lover. (For further reading still, turn to Euripides' Medea.)
Heroine and friend take turns to spit venomed
arias about man's inhumanity to woman.
Ripstein
shoots in video and the streaky colors and confined settings are a mite TV-ish. But TV also becomes a great running gag. The musical
combo that acts as the film's eccentric chorus starts out on television, then decamps into Ramirez's own living room. "Hey,
you can't run around, you're under contract," a woman telecaster tells
them straight from the screen. Later she too becomes a chorus figure,
issuing gloomy weather reports in sync with the ever more somber plot
developments.
Back in the Palm
arena, Im Kwon-taek's Chunhyang showed that this
long-distance Korean - nearly 100 films to date - can still dazzle. In
rainbow colors and with almost wall-to-wall music, we are treated to an ur-feminist folktale about a courtesan's daughter loved
but left by a young nobleman, until he returns to rescue her from an evil
governor's tortures. Her courage puts everyone to shame, her suffering shocks
all; though you wonder how anyone can hear her scream with all that
gale-force vocalizing from the traditional Pansori
singer-narrator used throughout, on stage or voiceover.
Thurman and Zellweger carried rare torches for America at a Cannes
festival where, once more, Hollywood
was included in the "absent friends" toast. Zellweger
brought a sweet daffiness to the title role of Nurse Betty, falling for
Greg Kinnear's TV soap doctor in John C. Richards
and James Flamberg's Best Screenplay-winning comedy
script, directed by Neil LaBute on vacation from
auteur misogyny. Minor, but a treat. Thurman showed signs of a hitherto unsuspected
ability to act in The Golden
Bowl. Or perhaps it was just that James Ivory movies
are histrionically idiot-proof, providing so much decor
that wearing the clothes and dodging the furniture consume energies that
would otherwise go into nervously hashing the English Lit. dialogue.
This is medium Merchant-Ivory, classy in some features (Nick Nolte), klunky in others (Anjelica
Huston doing heaven-knows-what accent as Fanny Assingham).
Cannes
had its share of horrors: films you wouldn't show to your worst enemy unless
he threatened to show them to you first. Why in Israel's
Kippur does
Amos Gitai present the 1973 Yom Kippur war as a
torpid two-hour training film for the army medical corps, with intermissions
for stretcher-case dialogue? Or what of Jan Schutte's
The Farewell (Abschied), 90 minutes of
pedestrian German crib notes on Bertolt Brecht's last days, a film that teaches you the true
meaning of alienation effect.
Conversely, lowest
expectation could lead to freshest surprise. Cesc
Gay's funny, insightful Krampack from
Spain,
showing in the Critics Week, is about two boys discovering life and sex one
summer vacation on the Catalan coast. Mild jawdroppers
include the boys' experimental bed scenes, which, the film wryly notes, break
no legal codes since both are minors. Krampack
is honest enough
about teenage eroticism to disturb prudes who need disturbing. A scholarly
friend suggested the Hairy Palm award. And who'd have thought a generation
ago, pre-Almódovar and company, that Spain
would ever set a pace for free love, free will and
free cinema? But celebrating liberty and liberation is what film festivals
are all about. Cannes 2000 even gave the Golden Palm-winning filmmaker the
freedom to be rude about his host. "He's a nice man, but I'm not sure
how much he knows about films," said Lars von Trier
of long-serving fest director Gilles Jacob, who retires from the post this
year. Before Jacob ascends the ladder to the higher sphere of Cannes
President, let me say on this festival's evidence, and that of many before,
he knows a lot about movies. That's why you got your Palme
d'or, Mr. von Trier. And
personally to Gilles Jacob: thanks for all those years.
COURTESY T.P.
MOVIE NEWS.
THIS ARTICLE
APPEARED IN THE JULY-AUGUST 2000 ISSUE OF FILM COMMENT.
©HARLAN
KENNEDY. All rights reserved.
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